Albania 106 years state. November of the Albanian flag.

Declaration of Independence of Albania.

The Declaration of Independence is the Declaration of Independence of the Albanian Vilayet by the Ottoman Empire. Albania was self-proclaimed in Vlora on 28 November 1912 by Ismail Qemali. The declaration of independence was attended by 83 delegates from all Albanian territories. Shortly after the declaration of independence, the Vlora Assembly formed the first Independent Government of Albania led by Ismail Qemali and the elders. The international recognition of independence and the determination of the borders of Albania took place after one year at the Conference of Ambassadors in London, whose decision was the proclamation of the Sovereign Sovereign Sovereign by Ottoman Empire under the supervision of the International Commission of Control and the release of half of the territories of the state newly established outside its administrative boundaries, because it causes the Albanian nation to be endangered by nearby countries because it had a great strategic and great value. The Albanians were as much interested as the other oppressed Balkan peoples to liberate themselves from the Ottomans. Their representatives tried to connect with their neighbors in the common controversial struggle, but these efforts were not caused by the blame of the head of the Balkan Alliance who did not want to have Albanians as a party with equal rights in this alliance because they were get dressed in tire for shredding Albania. Therefore, Albanians did not enter into an alliance whose leaders intended to use them as lions for the fight against the Ottoman Empire. The participation of Albanians in this alliance, without officially recognizing the rights and tire, would be a suggestion.

Declaration of Independence of Albania.

The flashy victories of the Balkan states force the Great Powers to revise their decision not to allow the change of the quo status in the Balkans. When at the end of October in the diplomatic circles and in the European press began to talk about the need for territorial change in the good of the Balkan allies. Under these conditions, Albanian patriots outside the homeland decided to undertake a new political act alongside the "Black Society for Rescue" and other homeland patriots within the country. The purpose of this action would be to save Albania from fragmentation, to preserve its territorial integrity and to convene a national assembly that would decide on its fate. Initiative for this action was taken by Ismail Qemali and Luigj Gurakuqi, who thought they would have the support of Tripal League. They left Istanbul and arrived in Bucharest, where on 5 November 1912 they organized the gathering of an Albanian colony in that country. There it was decided to establish a "committee of directors" to take over the country's government; to create a commission that would go to Europe to defend the "national and local rights of the Albanian people" in front of the government of the Great Powers and a committee in Bucharest to co-ordinate the activities of other committees in Albania and abroad 'came home to help. The Bucharest meeting in its decision did not clearly define whether autonomy would be required for independence. This will be determined, apparently, from the further development of the events and from the stand that will be held against the Albanian Powers issue. For this purpose, Ismail Qemali and his friends went to Vienna, where he talked with the British ambassador, Berthold, and with the Italian ambassador. On the way or perhaps in the Austrian capital Ismail Qemali was informed of the movement that had begun in Albania for the gathering of a national assembly. He stated on 10 November to the British ambassador that he would leave for Vlora soon to attend a meeting of Albanian leaders, that the Albanians were determined to keep their country, that they would fight to the very end of the blood not to allow a fragmentation of it and that the creation of a separate Albania would avoid an intervention by Austria and Italy. The idea of ​​gathering an assembly in Albania that would present to the Great Powers the demands of the Albanian people had found the support of the Austro-Hungarian government. Berhtoldi informed Ismail Qemali that Vienna was for an autonomous Albania. Such was the opinion that prevailed in the diplomatic circles of other Great Powers. But autonomy within the Ottoman Empire had no meaning. The Ottoman army in the Balkans was robbed on all fronts. Serbian, Montenegrin, and Greek troops had penetrated deeply into Albanian soil. Under these conditions, the only fair solution to the Albanian issue was to declare independence. The group of patriots led by Ismail Qemali arrived in Trieste on 19 November, where he met with his companions that: "... soon after his arrival in Albania, Albania's independence would be declared and will to resolve the interim government ". From Trieste, a committee that was formed in Vlora for the preparation of the National Assembly meeting was sent a telegram, requesting that measures be taken for the summons of delegates. The idea of ​​Albania's independence and the news of the National Assembly meeting were met with great enthusiasm in Albania, where they found a plot prepared as before by the country's patriotic circles. These circles had established links between them and had designated Vlora as the center where the representatives of the Albanian nation would be held. The group chaired by Ismail Qemali arrived in Durres on 21 November. Together with the durrsak patriots, he decided to raise the national flag in the city. But the Ottoman authorities, assisted by the enemy of the Albanian National Movement dhespot Jakov, managed, though temporarily, to prevent this action. The Turkish Command of Ioannina attempted to seize Ismail Kemal alive or dead, but was soon forced to abandon this decision. The Turkish administration in the provinces of Albania, still unconvinced by the Balkan armies, was generally unable to prevent the Albanian movement. She fears a lot of armed conflict with the Albanians at a time when she was jerked by the Balkan allies and when the only way to retreat to the West was Albania. Accompanied by delegates from Durres, Shijak, Tirana and Kruja, Ismail Qemali and his friends left for Kavaja. From there they went to Fier, where they met with Kosovo delegates, and arrived on 25 November in Vlora. Here the delegates of the Albanian people were welcomed with a feast. "A holy fire of patriotism," Ismail Qemali writes in his memoirs, "had invaded the town where I was born and the people greeted me everywhere with enthusiasm and joy." The first job of the patriot leader since November 26 was the organization of the armed forces .

To this end, he set up an organizing committee and sent circles to the elders of the villages, whereby they were ordered to mobilize skilled gunmen and keep them in readiness. Meanwhile, the Serbian army was progressing rapidly in Albanian lands. She was approaching Durrës, Tirana, Kruja and Elbasan. The patriotic circles of these towns decided to proclaim independence as soon as possible to put Serbian military authorities ahead of the fact. On November 25, Elbasan proclaimed independence first. The next day it was declared by Durrës and Tirana and on 27 November Kavaja, Peqini and Lushnja. Because of the unstoppable progress of Serbian armies, the situation in Albania was becoming more critical. That was the reason that on the evening of November 27 delegates in Vlora, although not yet reached the representatives of some provinces, decided to gather national assembly on the following day. On November 28, 1912, at 14:00, the National Assembly opened in Vlora. In the first meeting of the Assembly were attended by 37 delegates, who were added during the days that followed, reaching 63 which represented all Albanian territories. Most of them were leaders and activists of the Albanian National Movement. In addition to Ismail Qemali were Luigj Gurakuqi, Isa Boletini, Sali Gjuka, Bedri Pejani, Rexhep Bej Mitrovica, Vehbi Agolli, Nikolla Kaçorri, Jani Minga, Abdi Bej Toptani, Pandeli Cale, Dudë Karbunara, Lef Nosi, Mit'hat Frashëri, Mehmet Pasha Derulo, Hasan Hysen Budakova, Ajdin Draga, Sheriff Efendi Dibra, Dhimitër Mborja, Dhimitër Zografi, Shefqet Bej Daiu, Rexhep Ademi, Dhimitër Berati, Kristo Meksi, Xhelal Bej Koprencka, Spiro Ilo, Ilias Bej Vrioni, Sami Bej Vrioni, Hajredin Cakrani, Shefqet Bej Vërlaci and others. Isa Boletini arrived with 400 Kosovar fighters on November 29, waited with great joy by the population and by delegates of the Assembly. Other Kosovar leaders, because of the circumstances of the war, could not attend Hasan Bej Prishtina, Nexhip Draga, Idriz Seferi, Sait Hoxha, etc., who were in the Belgrade prison, as well as Bajram Curri, who headed for the Assembly, was hindered by fighting along the way. Participation in the Assembly of delegates from all the cities of Albania, including those occupied by Serb, Montenegrin and Greek armies, gave him the character of an Albanian national assembly. This was at the same time an expression of the determination of all Albanians to join in their national state, which would include all Albanian territories. The Assembly chose as mayor Ismail Qemal, who spoke about the past of Albania under Ottoman rule and for the wars of Albanians to win their rights. He noted that in the circumstances created by the Balkan War "the only way of salvation was the separation of Albania from Turkey." The mayor's proposal was approved unanimously by the delegates, who signed the historic document for the Independence of Albania, stating: ".. Albania today to become more free, free and undeserved ". Then Albania's national flag rose to the forefront of thousands of people who had gathered outside the Parliament's headquarters, who hosted this historic event with enthusiastic enthusiasm, as the people walked by singing the streets of the city, patriotic oratories like Jani Minga, Murat Toptani, with fervent speeches evoked the wars of the Albanian people for freedom. From the Vlora Assembly also came the temporary government headed by Ismail Qemali.

Ismail Qemali's original speech in 1912.

Oh! How happy I feel today, what I see, here in Vlora, so Albanian men gathered together, waiting with curiosity and eagerness to conclude this historic gathering, about the fate of our beloved Fatherland.
With lots of tears and tears in my eyes, I'm coming out here before you to enjoy with great pleasure that today, even this minute, the Congress has left Albania's helplessness, supported by the whole world for this job and by charging me the leader of the free government of Albania.
My dream seems to me to be this great change of our country, which has removed and fanned five hundred years in succession of Turkish rule, but which has recently been ready to give the soul its generality, to quench its completely eradicating from the face of the earth, such as Albania, once glittering by the unrivaled bravery of her children; this Albania, since threatening Europe from the invasions of Turkey, went astray its deadlock, Skanderbeg, became the iron gate against the furious attacks of the most sultan sultans that Turkey had.
However, it is the Lord who, with the work, with the courage and unrivaled courage of Albanians, to cease today the miseries and sufferings of our Fatherland, because, here and there, we ARE FREE INDEPENDENT and ABOVE, therefore: laugh enjoy it! To reach this white and big day, the blood of the martyrs and the valuable work of our patriots and all the companions who participated in this gathering and all of you who are now eavesdropping has helped us the anger of the great gas you feel; but the gathering as the oldest I am, has charged me with the Holy Grail of our National Flag, our beloved and beloved flag (emits the Flag, which is placed on an iron spear, of course small, and concealed under the coat, and take a pass for a second in his hand and stick it to the balcony pillars. The amateurs, as they see the Flag, cheer and loudly: Long live the Flag, Long live the Free Albania.
Here, then, this is our Red Flag and the dying black eagle in the body. And now, all together, as a whole body and inseparable, let us work to boast, to advance and to civilize as our Shadow Is Free.
After all, I have nothing but to ask a prayer to the Great Lord, that, along with His blessings that He gives to give us to be worthy of this day, to accept from henceforth I was the first martyr of the Fatherland, as I had the honor and the fate to be the first to kiss him and to make him free. Our flag, on our free way.
Long live the Flag!
Long live Albania!